{"id":1793,"date":"2019-03-11T22:29:00","date_gmt":"2019-03-11T22:29:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.naturaltreatmentforhypertension.com\/blog\/?p=1793"},"modified":"2019-03-11T22:29:00","modified_gmt":"2019-03-11T22:29:00","slug":"portal-hypertension","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.naturaltreatmentforhypertension.com\/blog\/portal-hypertension\/","title":{"rendered":"Portal Hypertension"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/p>\n

Signs and symptoms<\/p>\n

* Jaundice<\/p>\n

* History of blood transfusion<\/p>\n

* Intravenous drug abuse<\/p>\n

* History of alcohol consumption<\/p>\n

* Pruritus<\/p>\n

* Hematemesis<\/p>\n

* Melena<\/p>\n

* Lethargy<\/p>\n

* Increased irritability<\/p>\n

* Altered sleep patterns<\/p>\n

* Increased abdominal girth due to ascites<\/p>\n

* Hematochezia<\/p>\n

* Abdominal pain<\/p>\n

* Fever<\/p>\n

Signs of port systemic collateral formation<\/p>\n

* Dilated veins in the anterior abdominal wall<\/p>\n

* Venous pattern on the flanks<\/p>\n

* Caput medusa<\/p>\n

* Rectal hemorrhoids<\/p>\n

* Ascites<\/p>\n

* Paraumblical hernia<\/p>\n

Signs of liver disease<\/p>\n

* Ascites<\/p>\n

* Jaundice<\/p>\n

* Spider nevi<\/p>\n

* Gynecomastia<\/p>\n

* Dupuytren’s contracture<\/p>\n

* Muscle wasting<\/p>\n

* Palmar erythema<\/p>\n

* Asterixis<\/p>\n

* Testicular atrophy<\/p>\n

* Splenomegaly<\/p>\n

Causes<\/p>\n

Prehepatic<\/p>\n

* Portal vein thrombosis<\/p>\n

* Splenic vein thrombosis<\/p>\n

* Extrinsic compression by tumor<\/p>\n

* Arteriovenous fistula<\/p>\n

Intrahepatic presinusoidal and\/ or postsinusoidal<\/p>\n

* Hepatic cirrhosis<\/p>\n

* Acute alcoholic hepatitis<\/p>\n

* Primary biliary cirrhosis<\/p>\n

* Congenital hepatic fibrosis<\/p>\n

* Vitamin A toxicity<\/p>\n

* Budd chiari syndrome<\/p>\n

* Pelisosis hepatitis<\/p>\n

Intrahepatic, predominantly presinusoidal<\/p>\n

* Shistosomiasis<\/p>\n

* Primary biliary cirrhosis<\/p>\n

* Nodular regenerative hyperplasia<\/p>\n

* Polycystic disease<\/p>\n

* Hepatic metastasis<\/p>\n

* Granulomatous disease (sarcoidosis and tuberculosis)<\/p>\n

Treatment<\/p>\n

Emergency treatment<\/p>\n

* Each episode of variceal bleeding is associated with 30% mortality fever.<\/p>\n

* Initial resuscitation with replacement of blood volume loss by packed or whole red blood cells or plasma expanders.<\/p>\n

* Avoid intravascular volume and variceal overexpansion to prevent re bleeding.<\/p>\n

* Prophylactic antibiotic use to decrease the rate of bacterial infections.<\/p>\n

Pharmacotherapy<\/p>\n

* Somatostatin- is an endogenous hormone that decreases the portal blood flow by vasoconstriction.<\/p>\n

* Octreotide- it’s an analogue of somatostatin, also effective in reducing the complications of variceal bleeding after emergency sclerotherapy or variceal ligation<\/p>\n

* Vasopressin- Most potent vasoconstrictor has more side effects.<\/p>\n

* Terlipressin- has fewer adverse effects than vasopressin.<\/p>\n

Endoscopic therapy<\/p>\n

* Endoscopic therapy has the advantage of allowing specific therapy at the time of diagnosis.<\/p>\n

* >80% of hemostasis can be achieved.<\/p>\n

* Endoscopic injection sclerotherapy involves injecting sclerosant solution like sodium morrhuate, sodium tetradecyl sulfate, and ethanolamine oleate into the bleeding veins.<\/p>\n

Endoscopic variceal ligation<\/p>\n

Other interventions<\/p>\n

* Balloon tube tamponade<\/p>\n

* Minnesota tube<\/p>\n

Primary prophylaxis<\/p>\n

* Beta blockers- Propranolol and Nadolol<\/p>\n

* Vasodilators- Isosorbide mononitrate<\/p>\n

* Combination therapy- Propranolol and Isosorbide mononitrate<\/p>\n

* Prophylactic sclerotherapy<\/p>\n

* Prophylactic endoscopic variceal ligation<\/p>\n

Surgical care<\/p>\n

Decompressive shunts<\/p>\n

* Total portal systemic shunts<\/p>\n

* Partial portal systemic shunts<\/p>\n

* Selective shunts<\/p>\n

Devascularization procedures<\/p>\n

* Splenectomy<\/p>\n

* Liver transplantation<\/p>\n

\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Signs and symptoms * Jaundice * History of blood transfusion * Intravenous drug abuse * History of alcohol consumption * Pruritus * Hematemesis * Melena * Lethargy * Increased irritability * Altered sleep patterns * Increased abdominal girth due to ascites * Hematochezia * Abdominal pain * Fever Signs of port systemic collateral formation * […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[2915,11506,7337,4882,11505,7320,2914,2912,2911,11504,630,2913],"class_list":["post-1793","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-high-blood-pressure","tag-abuse-history","tag-ascites-paraumblical","tag-balloon","tag-bleeding","tag-hematochezia-abdominal","tag-hepatic","tag-hepatic-cirrhosis","tag-history-of-blood-transfusion","tag-initial-resuscitation","tag-jaundice-history","tag-portal-hypertension","tag-tuberculosis-treatment"],"yoast_head":"\nPortal Hypertension<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.naturaltreatmentforhypertension.com\/blog\/portal-hypertension\/\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:title\" content=\"Portal Hypertension\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:description\" content=\"Signs and symptoms * Jaundice * History of blood transfusion * Intravenous drug abuse * History of alcohol consumption * Pruritus * Hematemesis * Melena * Lethargy * Increased irritability * Altered sleep patterns * Increased abdominal girth due to ascites * Hematochezia * Abdominal pain * Fever Signs of port systemic collateral formation * […]\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@curehbp\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@curehbp\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Cure HBP\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"2 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.naturaltreatmentforhypertension.com\\\/blog\\\/portal-hypertension\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.naturaltreatmentforhypertension.com\\\/blog\\\/portal-hypertension\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Cure HBP\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.naturaltreatmentforhypertension.com\\\/blog\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/b0aa9ccba5f3413a024d8f4eb0556c4e\"},\"headline\":\"Portal Hypertension\",\"datePublished\":\"2019-03-11T22:29:00+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.naturaltreatmentforhypertension.com\\\/blog\\\/portal-hypertension\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":330,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.naturaltreatmentforhypertension.com\\\/blog\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/b0aa9ccba5f3413a024d8f4eb0556c4e\"},\"keywords\":[\"Abuse History\",\"Ascites Paraumblical\",\"Balloon\",\"bleeding\",\"Hematochezia Abdominal\",\"Hepatic\",\"Hepatic Cirrhosis\",\"History Of Blood Transfusion\",\"Initial Resuscitation\",\"Jaundice History\",\"Portal Hypertension\",\"Tuberculosis Treatment\"],\"articleSection\":[\"High Blood Pressure\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.naturaltreatmentforhypertension.com\\\/blog\\\/portal-hypertension\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.naturaltreatmentforhypertension.com\\\/blog\\\/portal-hypertension\\\/\",\"name\":\"Portal Hypertension\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.naturaltreatmentforhypertension.com\\\/blog\\\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2019-03-11T22:29:00+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.naturaltreatmentforhypertension.com\\\/blog\\\/portal-hypertension\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.naturaltreatmentforhypertension.com\\\/blog\\\/portal-hypertension\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.naturaltreatmentforhypertension.com\\\/blog\\\/portal-hypertension\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.naturaltreatmentforhypertension.com\\\/blog\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Portal Hypertension\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.naturaltreatmentforhypertension.com\\\/blog\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.naturaltreatmentforhypertension.com\\\/blog\\\/\",\"name\":\"Hypertension Natural Treatment - 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