Portal hypertension can occur due to an increased resistance to flow at three levels (a) before the portal veins drains into the liver (b) within the liver due to changes in the liver tissue (Cirrhosis) and (c) due to a block on the veins that drains blood from the liver to the heart(Budd Chari’s syndrome) . By and large the commonest cause of portal hypertension is Cirrhosis liver .Here the soft liver is replaced by tough fibrous tissue . This causes a significant increase in the resistance to blood that flows from the portal vein into the liver.
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